Time Zone Guides

What is CET (Central European Time)?

By the Atlas team · 3 June 2026 · 4 min read

CET is the clock that most of continental Europe keeps in winter. In summer it quietly becomes something else. Here is what it is, who uses it, and when it changes.

The short answer: CET (Central European Time) is UTC+1, the standard winter time across most of continental Europe — Paris, Berlin, Madrid, Rome and Warsaw. In summer the same region switches to CEST (Central European Summer Time), which is UTC+2. CET is one hour ahead of GMT.

CET is one of the most widely used time zones in the world, covering a band of Europe from Spain in the west to Poland in the east. It is simple on the surface, with one catch: for half the year, it is not actually CET at all.

What does CET stand for?

CET stands for Central European Time, and it sits at UTC+1 — one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. It is the winter standard time for a large, continuous block of continental Europe. When it is 12:00 noon UTC, it is 1:00 PM in any city on CET.

Which countries use CET?

CET covers most of continental Europe. The list runs across the centre and west of the continent and includes major capitals in nearly every direction.

CountryMain city
FranceParis
GermanyBerlin
SpainMadrid
ItalyRome
PolandWarsaw
NetherlandsAmsterdam

Notably, the UK, Ireland and Portugal are not on CET. They sit one hour behind, on GMT (or WET), which is a common source of confusion when scheduling a call between London and a neighbour just across the Channel.

What is the difference between CET and CEST?

CET is the winter time. CEST — Central European Summer Time — is the summer daylight saving time, set at UTC+2. The clocks move forward one hour in spring and back one hour in autumn, so the same city is CET for roughly five months and CEST for the other seven.

NameOffsetSeason
CETUTC+1Winter
CESTUTC+2Summer

When does CET change to CEST?

The EU changes the clocks twice a year on fixed Sundays. Clocks spring forward to CEST on the last Sunday of March, and fall back to CET on the last Sunday of October.

2026 changeDateResult
Spring forward29 March 2026CET → CEST (UTC+2)
Fall back25 October 2026CEST → CET (UTC+1)
"CET" often means CEST

People say "CET" all year round, even in July when the zone is really CEST. If someone in Berlin says "3 PM CET" in summer, double-check whether they mean UTC+1 or the actual UTC+2 their clock shows. For the exact switch dates, see our DST 2026 dates guide.

Is CET the same as GMT?

No. CET is one hour ahead of GMT. In winter, noon GMT in London is 1:00 PM CET in Paris. In summer the gap is still one hour, because both sides move their clocks together, but the labels change to BST and CEST. If you find UTC and GMT confusing, our explainer on UTC vs GMT untangles the two.

What it means for scheduling

The practical lesson: a single label like "CET" can mean two different offsets depending on the month, and the country you assume is on CET might be on GMT instead. Rather than tracking which zone is which, it is safer to read each person's real local time. That is exactly what Atlas does — pin people on a map and see the live local hour for each, daylight saving and all.

Frequently asked

What is CET?
CET stands for Central European Time, which is UTC+1. It is the standard winter time used across most of continental Europe, including Paris, Berlin, Madrid, Rome and Warsaw. In summer the same region shifts to CEST (Central European Summer Time), which is UTC+2.
What is the difference between CET and CEST?
CET (UTC+1) is the winter standard time; CEST (UTC+2) is the summer daylight-saving time. The EU switches from CET to CEST on the last Sunday of March and back again on the last Sunday of October. In 2026 those dates are 29 March and 25 October.
Is CET the same as GMT?
No. CET is one hour ahead of GMT. When it is 12:00 noon GMT in winter, it is 1:00 PM CET. In summer the gap widens to two hours because CEST is UTC+2 while UK summer time is UTC+1.
Which countries use CET?
Most of continental Europe uses CET in winter, including France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Poland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The UK, Ireland and Portugal sit one hour behind on GMT/WET.
Written by the Atlas team

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